Guides

Types of coffee drinks and how to make them

Pick a drink to see what goes into it, how strong it tastes and how to make it at home. No two cafés pour quite the same size, so read the amounts as typical rather than official. Coffee and water are in grams because you’ll be weighing them, and 1 g of water is 1 ml anyway.

Espresso

Ristretto

Syrupy and sweet, with less bitterness than a normal shot.

  • Crema ≈ 5 ml
  • Espresso ≈ 20 ml
  • About 25 ml
Cross-section, drawn to scale, with typical amounts.

The name means “restricted” in Italian. You use the same dose as an espresso and stop the shot at about half to three-quarters of the usual liquid. Australian cafés use it to make a piccolo.

Ratio1:1–1:1.5, coffee to shot
Recipe18 g in, 18–27 g out
MilkNone
Serve in60–90 ml demitasse
Time15–25 s shot
How strong it tastesVery high

How to make it

  1. Use 18 g of coffee, ground a little finer than your usual espresso.
  2. Tamp as normal and start the shot.
  3. Stop at 18 to 27 g in the cup. That’s usually 15 to 25 seconds in.

Tip: Keep your eyes on the scale. At 18 to 27 g the shot barely covers the bottom of the cup and it’s easy to run past.

Common mistake: If you just cut your usual shot short, it’ll taste sour and thin. Grind finer so it still takes 15 to 25 seconds.

Variations

  • Single: about 9 g in, 9–13 g out
  • With milk: that’s a piccolo

At a café

Ask for a ristretto, or a short shot. A few cafés pull ristrettos for every milk drink on the menu.

Ristretto vs. espresso: An espresso runs to about twice the weight of the dry coffee. A ristretto gets stopped at 1 to 1.5 times, which is why it’s shorter and sweeter. See the espresso

You’ll need: Espresso machine, grinder and scale.